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In Islam, God (Arabic: اÙÙÙâ, romanized: AllÄh, contraction of اÙÙØ¥ÙÙÙ°Ùal-ilÄh Cara live stream pubg steam. , lit. 'the God') is the absolute one, the all-powerful and all-knowing ruler of the universe, and the creator of everything in existence. Islam emphasizes that God is strictly singular (tawḥīdâ¯); unique (wÄḥidâ¯); inherently One (aḥadâ¯);[1] and also all-merciful and omnipotent.[2] God is neither a material nor a spiritual being.[3] According to Islamic teachings, beyond the Throne[4] and according to the Quran, 'No vision can grasp him, but His grasp is over all vision: He is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things.'[5]
(Redirected from Subhanahu wa ta'ala)
Chapter 112 of the Quran, titled Al-'IkhlÄs (The Sincerity) reads:
'He is God, [who is] One.
God, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent.'[6]
In Islam there is only one God and there are 99 names of that one God (al-asmÄʼ al-ḥusná lit. meaning: 'The best names'), each of which evokes a distinct attribute of God.[7][8] All these names refer to Allah, the supreme and all-comprehensive god.[9] Among the 99 names of God, the most familiar and frequent are 'the Compassionate' (Ar-RaḥmÄn) and 'the Merciful' (Ar-Raḥīm).[7][8] Creation and ordering of the universe is seen as an act of prime mercy for which all creatures praise God's attributes and bear witness to God's unity.
Allah
Allah is the Arabic word referring to God in Abrahamic religions.[10][11][12]In the English language, the word generally refers to God in Islam. The word is thought to be derived by contraction from al-ilÄh, which means 'the god', and is related to El and Elah, the Hebrew and Aramaic words for God.[13][14] It is distinguished from ilÄh (Arabic: Ø¥ÙÙâ), the Arabic word meaning deity, which could refer to any of the gods worshipped in pre-Islamic Arabia.[15]
Other names
God is described and referred to in the Quran and hadith by 99 names that reflect his attributes.[16] The Quran refers to the attributes of God as 'most beautiful names'.[17][18] According to Gerhard Böwering,
They are traditionally enumerated as 99 in number to which is added as the highest Name (al-ism al-ʾaÊ¿áºam), the Supreme Name of AllÄh. The locus classicus for listing the Divine Names in the literature of QurʾÄnic commentary is 17:110[19] âCall upon Allah, or call upon The Merciful; whichsoever you call upon, to Allah belong the most beautiful Names,â and also 59:22-24,[20] which includes a cluster of more than a dozen Divine epithets.'
ââGerhard Böwering, God and God's Attributes[21]
Non-Arab Muslims may or may not use different names as much as Allah, for instance 'God' in English.
Phrases and expressions
There are numerous conventional phrases and expressions invoking God.
AttributesOneness
Islam's most fundamental concept is a strict monotheism called tawhid, affirming that God is one and incomparable (wÄḥid). The basic creed of Islam, the Shahada[28] (recited under oath to enter the religion), involves Ùا Ø¥Ù٠إÙا اÙÙÙ(lÄ Ê¾ilÄha ʾillallÄh), or, 'I testify there is no god other than God.'
Muslims reject the Christian doctrine of the Trinity and divinity of Jesus, comparing it to polytheism.[29] Jesus is instead believed to be a prophet. See Jesus in Islam.
According to Vincent J. Cornell,[citation needed] the Quran also provides a monist image of God by describing the reality as a unified whole, with God being a single concept that would describe or ascribe all existing things: 'He is the First and the Last, the Evident and the Immanent: and He has full knowledge of all things.'[30]
Tawhid constitutes the foremost article of the Muslim profession.[31] The deification or worship of anyone or anything other than God (shirk) is the greatest sin in Islam. The entirety of the Islamic teaching rests on the principle of Tawhid.[32]
Creator
God is the creator of the universe and all the creatures in it.[33]
Praise be to Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, Who appointeth the angels messengers having wings two, three and four. He multiplieth in creation what He will. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.
We have built the heaven with might, and We it is Who make the vast extent (thereof).
ââQuran51:47(Translated by Pickthall)
Verily We created man from a product of wet earth; Then placed him as a drop (of seed) in a safe lodging; Then fashioned We the drop a clot, then fashioned We the clot a little lump, then fashioned We the little lump bones, then clothed the bones with flesh, and then produced it as another creation. So blessed be Allah, the Best of creators!
Mercy
The most commonly used names in the primary sources are Al-Rahman, meaning 'Most Compassionate' and Al-Rahim, meaning 'Most Merciful'.[34] The former compasses the whole creation, therefore apply to God's mercy, that gives every necessary condition to make life possible. The latter apply to God's mercy, that gives favor for good deeds. Thus Al-Rahman includes both the believers and the unbelievers, but Al-Rahim the believers.[35][36] God is said to love forgiving, with a hadith stating God would replace a sinless people with one who sinned but still asked repentance.[37] Also the word Rahman comes from the word Rahm which means the womb of the mother so it is a comparison between God's mercy to the mercy of a mother with her child.[38]
His mercy takes many forms as he says in the Quran 'and My Mercy embraces all things.â [7:156] this is shown in Muslim narrated from Abu Hurairah said the Prophet said : âAllah has one hundred parts of mercy, of which He sent down one between the jinn, mankind, the animals and the insects, by means of which they are compassionate and merciful to one another, and by means of which wild animals are kind to their offspring. And Allah has kept back ninety-nine parts of mercy with which to be merciful to His slaves of the Day of Resurrection.â[39][40] Also God's mercy according to Islamic theology is what gets a person into paradise. According to hadith in Sahih Al BukhariâNo oneâs deeds will ever admit him to Paradise.â They said, âNot even you, O Messenger of Allah?â He said, âNo, not even me unless Allah showers me with His Mercy. So try to be near to perfection. And no one should wish for death; he is either doing good so he will do more of that, or he is doing wrong so he may repent.â[40][41]
Omniscience
God is fully aware of everything that can be known.[42] This includes private thoughts and feelings. The Qur'an asserts that one can not hide anything from God:[original research?]
And, [O Muhammad], you are not [engaged] in any matter or recite any of the Qur'an and you [people] do not do any deed except that We are witness over you when you are involved in it. And not absent from your Lord is any [part] of an atom's weight within the earth or within the heaven or [anything] smaller than that or greater but that it is in a clear register.
ââQuran, Sura 10 (Yunus), ayat 61[43]
And indeed We have created man, and We know what his ownself whispers to him. Phones with voice changer. And We are nearer to him than his jugular vein.
Relationship with creation
Muslims believe that God is the only true reality and the creation including its creatures are just a derivative reality created out of love and mercy by God's command,[44] '..'Be,' and it is.'[2][45] and that the purpose of existence is to worship or to know God.[46][47][48] It is believed that God created everything for a divine purpose; the universe governed by fixed laws that ensure the harmonious working of all things. Humans must live in accordance with these laws to live to find peace and reproduce God's benevolence in their own society to live in accordance with the nature of all things, known as surrender to God in the Islamic sense.[49] As in the other Abrahamic religions, God is believed to communicate with his creation via revelations given to prophets to remind people of God. The Quran in particular is believed by Muslims to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to Muhammad. Hadith are the records of Muhammad's sayings and example, and Hadith Qudsi is a sub-category of hadith, which Muslims regard as the words of God repeated by Muhammad. According to Ali ibn Mohammed al-Jurjani, the Hadith Qudsi differ from the Quran in that the former are 'expressed in Muhammad's words', whereas the latter are the 'direct words of God'.[50] There are no intermediaries, such as clergy, to contact God who states in the Quran, 'It was We Who created man, and We know what dark suggestions his soul makes to him: for We are nearer to him than (his) jugular vein.'[51] People may enter a particular relationship with God any time and in different circumstances through the divine names or attributes. Thus God is also a personal God who responds whenever a person in need or distress calls Him.[2][52]Muhammad al-Bukhari, in his á¹¢aḥīḥ BukhÄrÄ«, narrates a ḥadÄ«th qudsÄ« that God says, 'I am as My servant thinks (expects) I am.'[53][54] When Sufis claim union with God, it is not that they become one in essence, rather the will of the Sufi is fully congruent to God.[55]
Concepts in Islamic theologyIsma'ilism - Shia
According to Isma'ilism, God is absolutely transcendent and unknowable;[56] beyond matter, energy, space, time, change, imaginings, intellect, positive as well as negative qualities. All attributes of God named in rituals, scriptures or prayers refers not to qualities God possesses, but to qualities emanated from God, thus these are the attributes God gave as the source of all qualities, but God does not consist on one of these qualities.[57] Since God is beyond all wordings, Isma'ilism also denies the concept of God as the first cause.[58]Idol room twice.
Muʿtazila
The Muʿtazilites reject the anthropomorphic attributes of God because an eternal being 'must be unique'. Accordingly, attributes would make God comparable. The descriptions of God in the Quran are considered to be allegories.[59] Nevertheless, the Muʿtazilites thought God contains oneness (tawhid) and justice. Other characteristics like knowledge are not attributed to God; rather they describe his essence. Otherwise eternal attributes of God would give rise to multiplicity entities existing eternal besides God.[60]
Maturidi and Ash'ari - Sunnism
Ash'ari and Maturidi are in agreement about God's attributes are eternal but neither hold to be metaphorically (unlike Mu'tazilla) nor literally.[61] References to anthropomorphic attributes can probably not be understood correctly by humans.[62] Although God's existence is considered to be possibly known by reason, human mind can not fully understand God's attributes. For example, when humans in paradise see God, they do not see God in the way humans are able to see on Earth.[62]Ashʿari asserts, since God is the creator of everything that exists and creation does not affect nor alter God, the Throne of God is not a dwelling place for God.[63] Accordingly, God is above his Throne means, God exist unattached of any place
SufismFont Arab Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
Since God in Islam is transcendental and sovereign but also immanent and omnipresent, the Sufi view holds that in reality, only God exists. Thus everything in creation is reflecting an attribute of God's names. Yet these forms are not God themselves.[64] The Sufi SaintIbn Arabi stated: There is nothing but God. This statement was mistakenly equalized to Pantheism by critics, however, Ibn Arabi always made a clear distinction between the creation and the creator.[65] Since God is the Absolute Reality,[66]the created worlds and their inhabitants are merely illusions. They just exist because of Gods command Kun, but everything that would be, was already known by God.[67]
Salafism and Wahhabism -
Salafism and Wahhabism refuse interpretations on Quran to avoid altering of its message, thus taking the descriptions of God literally and oppose widespread theological concepts including the Ash'ari view.[68] Therefore, descriptions such as 'God's hands' or 'sitting on (above) a throne, should be taken at their linguistic meaning, without asking how, as we don't know how, but we know what they are based on linguistic meaning.[69]
Comparative theology
Islamic theology identifies God as described in the Quran as the same God of Israel who covenanted with Abraham.[70] It rejects the belief once held by pre-Islamic Arabians that God has daughters. Islam and Judaism alike reject the Trinity of Christianity. But the Islamic concept of God is less personal than in the Judeo-Christian tradition, [47] and is known only from natural signs and can only be spoken about in parables.[71]
See alsoReferences
Bibliography
External links
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=God_in_Islam&oldid=905040593#Honorifics'
When writing the name of God (Allah), Muslims often follow it with the abbreviation 'SWT,' which stands for the Arabic words 'Subhanahu wa ta'ala.' Muslims use these or similar words to glorify God when mentioning his name. The abbreviation in modern usage might appear as 'SWT,' 'swt' or 'SwT.'
Meaning of SWT
In Arabic, 'Subhanahu wa ta'ala' translates as 'Glory to Him, the Exalted' or 'Glorious and Exalted Is He.' In saying or reading the name of Allah, the shorthand of 'SWT' indicates an act of reverence and devotion toward God. Islamic scholars instruct adherents that the letters are intended to serve as reminders only. Muslims are still expected to invoke the words in the full greeting or salutation when seeing the letters.
'SWT' appears in the Quran in the following verses: 6:100, 10:18, 16:1, 17:43, 30:40 and 39:67, and its use is not restricted to theological tracts. 'SWT' often appears whenever the name of Allah does, even in publications dealing with topics such as Islamic finance. In the view of some adherents, use of this and other abbreviations could be misleading to non-Muslims, who might mistake one of the abbreviations for being part of the true name of God. Some Muslims view the shorthand itself as possibly disrespectful.
Other Abbreviations for Islamic Honorifics
'SallâAllahu alayhi wasalam' ('SAW' or 'SAWS') translates as âThe graces of Allah be upon him, and peace,â or âAllah bless him and grant him peace.â âSAWâ offers a reminder to use the full honorific phrase after mentioning the name of Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam. Another abbreviation that often follows Muhammadâs name is 'PBUH,' which stands for âPeace be upon Him.' The source for the phrase is scriptural: 'Indeed, Allah confers blessing upon the Prophet, and His angels [ask Him to do so]. O you who have believed, ask [Allah to confer] blessing upon him and ask [Allah to grant him] peace' (Quran 33:56).
Two other abbreviations for Islamic honorifics are âRAâ and âAS.â âRAâ stands for âRadhi Allahu 'anhuâ (May Allah be pleased with him). Muslims use âRAâ after the name of male Sahabis, who are friends or companions of the Prophet Muhammad. This abbreviation varies based on gender and how many Sahabis are being discussed. For example, 'RA' could mean, âMay Allah be pleased with her' (Radiy Allahu Anha). 'AS,' for âAlayhis Salaamâ (Peace be upon Him), appears after the names of all the archangels (such as Jibreel, Mikaeel, and others) and all the prophets except for the Prophet Muhammad.
SWT may refer to:
Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SWT&oldid=887917500'
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